The process is quite simple. The rotor is activated by the wind. Its rotation is transmitted to an input shaft that powers an electric generator. This so-called yaw system enables the nacelle to be positioned based on the direction of the wind. The rotor starts working only when wind speed is greater than 10 km/h, while the wind turbine shuts down at speeds of over 90 km/h for safety reasons.
Basically, the wind’s kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy by the rotor. A gear box transforms the blades’ slow rotations (between 18 and 25 per minute) into faster rotations (up to 1,800 per minute) that can power the electric generator. The electric generator converts the mechanical energy into electricity. A transformer transfers the electricity from one circuit to another (in this case the electric grid), modifying its characteristics.
Various control systems are located on the nacelle to continuously monitor the wind turbine’s operational parameters, thereby producing renewable energy safely and maximizing the efficiency of the wind farm.
Wind is a form of solar energy caused by a combination of three concurrent events:
Wind flow patterns and speeds vary greatly across the United States and are modified by bodies of water, vegetation, and differences in terrain. Humans use this wind flow, or motion energy, for many purposes: sailing, flying a kite, and even generating electricity.
The terms "wind energy" and "wind power" both describe the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity.
A wind turbine turns wind energy into electricity using the aerodynamic force from the rotor blades, which work like an airplane wing or helicopter rotor blade. When wind flows across the blade, the air pressure on one side of the blade decreases. The difference in air pressure across the two sides of the blade creates both lift and drag. The force of the lift is stronger than the drag and this causes the rotor to spin. The rotor connects to the generator, either directly (if it’s a direct drive turbine) or through a shaft and a series of gears (a gearbox) that speed up the rotation and allow for a physically smaller generator. This translation of aerodynamic force to rotation of a generator creates electricity.
https://www.energy.gov/eere/wind/how-do-wind-turbines-work
https://www.nationalgrid.com/stories/energy-explained/how-does-wind-turbine-work
Thampapon Deesirisakul M.5/2 Number 11