1.Bioplastics
Bioplastics are a category of polymers derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn starch, sugarcane, or other plant-based materials. These materials offer a more sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics, as they can be produced using renewable resources and typically have a lower carbon footprint. They can also be as durable as other types of plastic since they only break down in specific conditions. For instance, some bioplastics are home compostable, and some are industrial-compostable.
Two of the most common bioplastics are Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). PLA is a polymer whose raw materials include corn starch, tapioca roots, or sugarcane. PLA can look and behave like polyethylene, polystyrene, or polypropylene. PHA is a biodegradable and readily compostable thermoplastic produced through the microbial fermentation of carbon-based feedstocks. It can also be made by microorganisms that produce plastic from organic materials. Both PLA and PHA can be used as plastic packaging alternatives. PLA is often used for plastic films, bottles, food containers, deli containers, salad boxes, coffee cups, and compostable cutlery. PHA is used for single-use packaging for foods, beverages, and consumer products; medical equipment such as sutures, scaffolds, and bone plates; and agricultural foils and films.
2.Cellulose
Bioplastics are a category of polymers derived from renewable biomass sources such as corn starch, sugarcane, or other plant-based materials. These materials offer a more sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics, as they can be produced using renewable resources and typically have a lower carbon footprint. They can also be as durable as other types of plastic since they only break down in specific conditions. For instance, some bioplastics are home compostable, and some are industrial-compostable.
These materials can be employed in various forms, such as cellulose film, paperboard, or even as a coating for other packaging substrates. Their versatility allows for a wide range of applications in packaging, providing a renewable and compostable packaging solution.
3.Mushroom mycelium
Mycelium comes from the root network of a fungus, which is the part of the mushroom that is typically underground. It branches out and interconnects as a fine thread that can grow into any shape.
Using mushrooms for packaging begins by mixing fungus sprouts or mycelia with seedlings or other residues from agriculture. This natural composite material has properties similar to synthetic foam plastics such as Styrofoam. The foam is also breathable, resilient, insulating, hydrophobic, and flame-resistant.
As such, mycelium can replace commonly used materials such as polystyrene while improving the overall product and manufacturing process. It is lightweight, durable, and flexible by design. It can also become a more cost-effective custom packaging solution than other sources.
